2020届考研考试基本落下帷幕。阅读理解仍然是很多考生关注的焦点。在今年英语一的第四篇文章的五道题目中,命题点出现惊人的一致,前三道题的定位点均为长难句,可见今年的命题老师对长难句的考察情有独钟,那么接下来好轻松考研英语老师给大家来简单解析下如何快速从长难句的文字中抓住重点,明确解题点,从而得分。
对于长难句的理解,在考场上无需纠结每一个词如何翻译,而是要抓住主题词加属性词,明确主要内容。比如:
36. The financial problem with the USPS is caused partly by ______.
这道题的定位点在段最后一句。
Fundamentally, the USPS is in a historic squeeze between technological change that has permanently decreased demand for its bread-and-butter product, first-class mail, and a regulatory structure that denies management the flexibility to adjust its operations to the new reality. [39 words]
这句话的主人公为the USPS ,属性词为in a historic squeeze,这个squeeze可以理解为“狭缝中”,后面具体解释这个squeeze,between __1___ and ___2__.所以原因就在这两个内容当中。前者中心词是technological change,后者中心词是regulatory structure,所以答案就在这两者之间,锁定答案BC。
C选项的technical upgrading对应technological change,但是cost在that从句中未有提及。
B选项的rigid management对应就是后面that从句中的denies [management] [the flexibility],deny后面接双宾语,deny flexibility,缺乏灵活性就是rigid[僵化的]。
另外37. According to Paragraph 2, the USPS fails to modernize itself due to ______
这道题定位点在第二段句。
And interest groups ranging from postal unions to greeting-card makers exert self-interested pressure on the USPS’s ultimate overseer — Congress—insisting that whatever else happens to the Postal Service, aspects of the status quo they depend on get protected. [36 words]
这句话的主人公为interest groups,属性词为exert pressure,所以要选的答案应该以interest groups为中心词,所以可以预判A选项更合适。而A选项中的interference也和该句中的属性词exert pressure,给与压力属于同意改写。
该句中的ranging from postal unions to greeting-card makers属于分词做后置定语修饰前面的interest groups,其中涉及了D选项的中心词,但是相比A就片面了。
该句中后半段涉及的破折号解释overseer,也涉及B选项的中心词Congress,而后面的insisting that分词修饰overseer,涉及C选项的中心词postal service。但是都不属于本句主人公。
另外38.The long-standing complaint by the USPS and its unions can be addressed by
这道题定位点在第三段最后一句。
The latter step would largely offset the financial burden of annually pre-funding retiree health care, thus addressing a long-standing complaint by the USPS and its union. [26 words]
该题的定位点在句末的分词状语addressing a long-standing complaint by the USPS and its union。不过这里有个和题干的区别在于,题干是被动,文章中是主动,所以前面的主句部分就是答案。这句话的主人公为The latter step,属性词为offset the financial burden。对应选项为A,removing对应offset,选项其余内容和原文原词复现。
可以看到长难句的快速理解对于现在考研英语阅读做题的一个重要性,那么也对于接下来我们2019届备战考研的考生们一个启示,要在基础阶段加强长难句部分的学习,为做题打好坚实的基础。最后提前预祝大家金榜题名!
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