对于托福阅读的备考，同学们最重要就是要多练习，除了了解托福阅读考试的特点和适应托福阅读考试的考试形式，还可以增强做题语感，因为阅读题目最重要的就是语感。下面新航道托福小编跟大家分享托福阅读TPO6真题及答案：Powering the Industrial，供大家练习参考：

　　托福阅读TPO6真题：Powering the Industrial

　　Revolution　In Britain one of the most dramatic　changes of the Industrial Revolution was　the harnessing of power.Until the reign of George Ⅲ (1760-1820)，available　sources of power for work and travel had　not increased since the Middle Ages.There were three sources of　power：animal or human muscles;the　wind, operating on sail or windmill; and　running water. Only the last of these was　suited at all to the continuous operating of　machines, and although waterpower　abounded in Lancashire and Scotland and　ran grain mills as well as textile mills, it　had one great disadvantage: streams　flowed where nature intended them to and　water-driven factories had to be located　on their banks whether or not the location　was desirable for other reasons.Furthermore, even the most reliable　waterpower varied with the seasons and　disappeared in a drought, the new age of　machinery, in short, could not have been　born without a new source of both　movable and constant power.

　　The source had long been known but　not exploited. Early in the century, a　pump had come into use in which　expanding steam raised a piston in a　cylinder, and atmospheric pressure　brought it down again when the steam　condensed inside the cylinder to form a　vacuum.This “atmospheric engine,”　invented by Thomas Savery and vastly　improved by his partner.Thomas　Newcomen, embodied revolutionary　principles, but it was so slow and wasteful　of fuel that it could not be employed　outside the coal mines for which it had　been designed. In the 1760s, James Watt　perfected a separate condenser for the　steam, so that the cylinder did not have to　be cooled at every stroke; then he devised　a way to make the piston turn a wheel and　thus convert reciprocating (back and　forth) motion into rotary motion. He　thereby transformed an inefficient pump　of limited use into a steam engine of a　thousand uses. The final step came when　steam was introduced into the cylinder to　drive the piston backward as well as　forward thereby increasing the speed of　the engine and cutting its fuel　consumption.

　　Watt's steam engine soon showed　what it could do. It liberated industry　from dependence on running water.The　engine eliminated water in the mines by　driving efficient pumps, which made　possible deeper and deeper mining. The　ready availability of coal inspired William　Murdoch during the 1790s to develop the　first new form of nighttime illumination　to be discovered in a millennium and a　half. Coal gas rivaled smoky oil lamps and flickering candles, and early in the　new century, well-to-do Londoners grew　accustomed to gaslit houses and even　streets. Iron manufacturers which had　starved for fuel while depending on　charcoal also benefited from　ever-increasing supplies of coal; blast　furnaces with steam-powered bellows　turned out more iron and steel for the new　machinery. Steam became the motive　force of the Industrial Revolution as coal　and iron ore were the raw materials.

　　By 1800 more than a thousand steam　engines were in use in the British Isles,　and Britain retained a virtual monopoly　on steam engine production until the　1830s. Steam power did not merely spin　cotton and roll iron; early in the new　century it also multiplied ten times over　the amount of paper that a single worker　could produce in a day. At the same time,operators of the first printing presses run　by steam rather than by hand found it　possible to produce a thousand pages in　an hour rather than thirty. Steam also　promised to eliminate a transportation　problem not fully solved by either canal　boats of turnpikes.Boats could carry　heavy weights, but canals could not cross　hilly terrain; turnpikes could cross the　hills, but the roadbeds could not stand up　under great weights. These problems　needed still another solution, and the ingredients for it lay close at hand. In　some industrial regions, heavily laden　wagons, with flanged wheels, were being　hauled by horses along metal rails; and　he stationary steam engine was puffing in　the factory and mine.Another　generation passed; before Inventors　succeeded in combining these ingredients　by putting the engine on wheels and the　wheels on the rails, so as to provide a　machine to take the place of the horse.　Thus the railroad age sprang from what　had already happened in the eighteenth century.

　　Paragraph 3: Watt's steam engine　soon showed what it could do. It　liberated industry from dependence on　running water.The engine eliminated　water in the mines by driving efficient　pumps, which made possible deeper and　deeper mining. The ready availability of　coal inspired William Murdoch during the　1790s to develop the first new form of　nighttime illumination to be discovered in　a millennium and a half.

　　Paragraph 1：

　　1. Which of the sentences below best　expresses the essential information in the　highlighted sentence in the passage? Incorrect　choices change the meaning in important ways or　leave out essential information.

　　○ Running water was the best power source　for factories since it could keep machines operating continuously but since it was abundant only in Lancashire and Scotland, most mills and factories that were located elsewhere could not be water driven.

　　○ The disadvantage of using waterpower is that streams do not necessarily flow in places that are the most suitable for factories which explains why so many water-powered grain and textile mills were located in undesirable places

　　○ Since machines could be operated continuously only where running water was abundant, grain and textile mills as well as other factories tended to be located only in Lancashire and Scotland.

　　○ Running water was the only source of power that was suitable for the continuous operation of machines, but to make use of it factories had to be located where the water was,regardless of whether such locations made sense otherwise.

　　2. Which of the following best describes the relation of paragraph 2 to paragraph 1?

　　○Paragraph 2 shows how the problem discussed in paragraph 1 arose.

　　○Paragraph 2 explains how the problem presented in paragraph 1 came to be solved.

　　○Paragraph 2 provides a more technical discussion of the problem introduced in paragraph 1.

　　○Paragraph 2 shows why the problem discussed in paragraph 1 was especially important to solve.

　　3. The word exploited in the passage is closest in meaning to

　　○utilized

　　○recognized

　　○examined

　　○fully understood

　　4. The word vastly in the passage is closet in meaning to

　　○quickly

　　○ultimately

　　○greatly

　　○initially

　　5. According to paragraph 2，the atmospheric engine was slow because

　　○it had been designed to be used in coal　mines

　　○the cylinder had to cool between each　stroke

　　○it made use of expanding steam to raise the　piston in its cylinder

　　○it could be operated only when a large　supply of fuel was available

　　Paragraph 2:

　　6. According to paragraph 2, Watt's steam engine differed from earlier steam engines, in each of the following ways, except:

　　○ It used steam to move a piston in a　cylinder.

　　○ It worked with greater speed.

　　○ It was more efficient in its use of fuel.

　　○ It could be used in many different ways.

　　Paragraph 3:

　　7. In paragraph 3 the author mentions　William Murdoch’s invention of a new form of　nighttime illumination in order to

　　○indicate one of the important　developments made possible by the introduction of Watt's steam engine

　　○make the point that Watt's steam engine was not the only invention of importance to the Industrial Revolution

　　○illustrate how important coal was as a raw material for the Industrial Revolution

　　○provide an example of another eighteenth-century invention that used steam as a power source

　　8. The phrase grew accustomed to in the passage is closest in meaning to

　　○began to prefer

　　○ wanted to have

　　○ became used to

　　○ insisted on

　　Paragraph 4:

　　9. The word retained in the passage is closest in meaning to

　　○gained

　　○established

　　○profited from

　　○maintained

　　10. According to paragraph 4, which of the following statements about steam engines is true?

　　○They were used for the production of paper but not for printing

　　○By 1800, significant numbers of them were produced outside of Britain

　　○They were used in factories before they were used to power trains

　　○They were used in the construction of canals and turnpikes

　　11. According to paragraph 4, providing a machine to take the place of the horse involved combining which two previously separate ingredients?

　　○Turnpikes and canals

　　○Stationary steam engines and wagons with flanged wheels

　　○Metal rails in roadbeds and wagons capable of carrying heavy loads

　　○Canal boats and heavily laden wagons

　　12.Look at the four squares [ ] that indicate where the following sentence could be added to the passage.The factories did not have to go to the streams when power could come to the factories.Where would the sentence best fit?

　　13.The Industrial Revolution would not have been possible without a new source of power that was efficient, movable，and continuously available.

　　Answer Choices

　　1. In the early eighteenth century, Savery and Newcomen discovered that expanding steam could be used to raise a piston in a cylinder.

　　2. Watt’s steam engine played a leading role in greatly increasing industrial production of all kinds.

　　3. Until the 1830s，Britain was the world’s major producer of steam engines.

　　4. In the mid-1700s James Watt transformed an inefficient steam pump into a fast，flexible，fuel-efficient engine.

　　5. In the 1 790s William Murdoch developed a new way of lighting houses and streets using coal gas.

　　6. The availability of steam engines was a major factor in the development of railroads，which solved a major transportation problem .

　　托福阅读TPO6真题：Powering the Industrial参考答案

　　1. ○ 4 2. ○2 3. ○1 4. ○ 3 5. ○ 2

　　6. ○ 1 7. ○ 1. 8. ○3 9. ○ 4 10. ○3

　　11. ○ 2 12. ○3 13. ○2 4 6

　　以上就是新航道托福小编跟大家分享的关于一篇托福阅读TOP及答案，希望对大家有所帮助！最后预祝大家在托福考试中取得好成绩！