完整版范文
　　Question

　　Your professor is teaching a class on sociology. Write a post responding to the professor's question.
　　In your response, you should do the following.
　　- Express and support your opinion.
　　- Make a contribution to the discussion in your own words.
　　An effective response will contain at least 100 words.

　　Doctor Achebe
　　This week we are talking about how different cities choose to either preserve or replace older, historic buildings. Some cities have strict rules about preserving older buildings and homes, especially those with historic architecture. Others tend to encourage new construction to replace structures that are aging and decaying. Should cities try to save historic buildings or replace them with more modern ones?

　　Kelly
　　It's important to preserve historic buildings. Keeping original architecture helps preserve a city's culture. Even on the practical side, most big cities get an economic benefit from tourism, and historic buildings like hotels and theaters are big attractions. Who wants to visit a city where all the buildings are glass and steel and look like buildings in every other city?

　　Paul
　　I think the preservation of old historic buildings involves a lot of problems, especially in densely populated cities. In modern cities, land is very valuable, and old buildings just do not provide as much living and working space as modern high-rise buildings. Also, they were not built to modern standards, so they may waste energy through insufficient heat and cooling.

　　范文正文

　　I believe that historical buildings should be preserved. As Kelly noted, ancient structures embody a city’s collective memory, reminding people of their past and identity. A prime example is the magnificent Parthenon Temple, which serves as a significant testament to the grandeur of ancient Greece. Furthermore, well-preserved architecture can promote economic development. By refurbishing these buildings to restore their former glory, they can become tourist attractions, generating substantial revenue from visitors worldwide, as in nowhere else can a country’s traditions and values be better experienced than in these heritage sites.【原因状语从句+倒装句】 Paul’s perspective holds some validity, since the conservation of old buildings may hinder further development opportunities,【原因状语从句】 such as the construction of new apartments, due to the space they occupy. However, these challenges can be addressed through a comprehensive assessment of historical structures before the authorities decide to preserve or demolish them. Therefore, I believe it is important for cities to safeguard their architectural legacies.

　　用词用语整理

　　本题是2024年12月1日上午场托福学术讨论真题，话题与保护古建筑有关。这一话题在托福和雅思写作中都曾反复出现。本题改编自托福独立写作旧题“Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? The government should spend more money in constructing new buildings than in preserving historic ones.”
　　题目中，教授问两名学生，城市应该保护古建筑，还是用现代建筑来取代它们？Kelly认为保护古建筑很重要，因为这有助于保护城市文化，还能从旅游业中获得经济效益。而Paul认为保护古建筑容易出现很多问题，尤其是在人口密集的城市。这样的地方人多地少，而古建筑的使用空间远不如现代高层建筑。Paul还提到了建筑标准的问题，说古建筑不是按照现代标准建造的，因此可能浪费能源。
　　本文采取的写作结构是“总论点+解释1+举例+解释2+让步反驳”。我方的立场是赞同Kelly，认同保护古建筑的重要性。接下来就Kelly提出的两个主要观点“保护文化”和“促进旅游业发展”，作者给出了自己的解读。在解释“保护文化”这一观点后，还给出了一个相关的例子，即古希腊的建筑遗迹帕特农神庙，认为它体现了古希腊的遗风。对于Paul的观点，作者承认古建筑通常占据更大的空间，可能会阻碍未来的发展机遇，但同时反驳并认为这个问题可以解决。只要政府先全面评估古建筑的现状，再决定是否需要保护，就可以既不影响文化传承，又不耽误未来的发展。

　　用词用语整理

　　preserve v. 保留，维护，保养
　　conservation n. 保留，保护；保存，节约
　　在英文词典中，对“preserve”的解释是“To keep something as it is, especially in order to prevent it from decaying or being damaged or destroyed”。
　　有“保护”含义的词汇很多，除preserve外，后文用到的名词conservation也有保护的意思，其动词形式是conserve。Conserve同时也具有“保存，节约”的含义。

　　比如下面的例句：
　　To conserve electricity, we are cutting down on our heating.
　　为了省电，我们在减少中央供热。
　　refurbish v. 翻新，整修
　　restore v. 修复，复原
　　这两个词，以及动词“renovate”，意思相近，但又略有不同。Refurbish通常是对建筑做清洁、装饰，renovate和restore则含有把建筑上损坏的部分修好的意思，且restore有“修复如初”的意味。
　　legacy n. 遗产；历史遗产
　　legacy与heritage都有“遗产”的含义，但所指的范围不同。Legacy可以指遗产、遗赠，通常在经济与法律相关的文章中出现；heritage只表示“文化遗产”，例如历史遗留下来的传统、语言、建筑等。Legacy的含义比heritage更广泛。
　　embody v. 体现。
　　其名词为embodiment。一般表示某具体事物对一些抽象概念和想法的体现。
　　collective memory n. 共同的记忆。在本文中指的是一个地区的文化。
　　其他与collective相关的搭配：
　　A collective decision 共同的决定
　　A collective effort 共同的努力
　　prime adj. 首要的，主要的
　　testament n. 证明，验证
　　grandeur n. 宏伟，壮丽
　　hinder v. 阻碍，妨碍

　　【原因状语从句+倒装句】
　　By refurbishing these buildings to restore their former glory, they can become tourist attractions, generating substantial revenue from visitors worldwide, as in nowhere else can a country’s traditions and values be better experienced than in these heritage sites.
　　本句的主句是“they can become tourist attractions”，其中主语they指代的是古建筑。后面接的generating substantial revenue from visitors worldwide，引出保护古建筑的结果。在这之后又用as引导原因状语从句解释了游客来访的原因，即倒装句中的“没有什么地方比这些遗址能更好地体验一个国家的传统和价值观了。”下划线部分的主语是a country’s traditions and values，谓语动词是can be experienced。此处论证层层深入，也体现出古建筑对文化保护的重要作用。

　　【原因状语从句】
　　Paul’s perspective holds some validity, since the conservation of old buildings may hinder further development opportunities, such as the construction of new apartments, due to the space they occupy.
　　论证要想写得透彻，需要在切题的基础上，加入详细解释。本句就体现出这一点。这句话是一个表示让步的句子，其观点是“Paul’s perspective holds some validity”，表明对方“不应该保护古建筑”的立场也有合理性。接下来给出解释“因为这会阻碍未来的发展机会”。针对“发展机会”，作者再次给出解释“the construction of new apartments”。那为什么保护古建筑会影响建设新建筑呢？这是因为“the space they occupy”，古建筑占据了较大的空间。通过层层推进，将让步部分的对方的立场做了详细解释。这便是托福写作评分标准中提到的“relevant and well-elaborated explanations（相关且细致的解释）”。

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