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    Question
    Your professor is teaching a class on education. Write a post responding to the professor’s question.
    In your response, you should do the following.
    Express and support your opinion.
    Make a contribution to the discussion in your own words.
    An effective response will contain at least 100 words.

    Doctor Achebe
    Next, we’ll be discussing the future of higher education, focusing on proposals for making postsecondary education (education after high school) more efficient and more accessible. One such proposal is to make class attendance optional. For instance, under an optional-attendance policy, university students could choose not to attend classes but instead study the course materials and acquire the knowledge on their own time. Their grade would then be based entirely on exams or papers. What are your thoughts on this approach

    Claire
    I like the idea of optional attendance. University students have a lot going on, and sometimes it’s difficult to make it to class. As long as students are held accountable for the information they’re supposed to learn, I don’t see why they should have to attend every class session, especially for classes that meet multiple times a week.

    Andrew
    I have to disagree with Claire. I think that class attendance policies foster another important kind of accountability. They teach discipline and responsibility. Many of the jobs that university or trade school students will pursue after graduation have their own attendance policies, so students should see class attendance as good preparation for entering the workforce.

    范文正文

    I believe that making class attendance voluntary and grading students solely based on exams or papers is not a good idea. One reason is that students who opt out of classes risk missing out on the most worthwhile parts of classroom learning.【表语从句+定语从句】For instance, law classes often include group debates and case analyses, which are fundamental to legal studies. By engaging in discussions and analyzing real-world scenarios,【介词短语】students not only deepen their understanding of legal concepts, laws, and regulations but also enhance critical thinking and problem-solving skills. Moreover, mock trials, a common feature of such classes, allow students to role-play as judges, plaintiffs, defendants, and attorneys in simulated court proceedings. Thanks to these hands-on exercises, students gain practical experience in preparing opening statements, submitting legal briefs, and delivering courtroom arguments, all of which are crucial for real-world applications.【非限制性定语从句】Although Claire argued that an optional-attendance policy could provide flexibility for students with hectic schedules, she overlooked the fact that relying on independent study may diminish the effectiveness and overall outcomes of university courses.【让步状语从句+宾语从句+同位语从句】Therefore, only when taking classes regularly can students fully benefit from interactive learning activities and develop a comprehensive understanding of knowledge and its applications.【倒装结构】

    用词用语整理
    这道题是托福学术讨论写作ETS样题第17题。回顾刚刚过去的2024年托福学术讨论写作考情，教育类话题占比高达33%，主要考查学校教育和家庭教育，话题集中于课程选择和学习教育方式，需要在2025年继续引起足够的重视。因此，在新年的第一周将为同学们展示一道有关学校教育的学术讨论写作题目。在这道表明立场类题目中，教授提问：如何看待高等教育课堂允许学生自愿出勤的提议？即大学生可以选择不参加课堂学习，而是利用自己的时间自学课程材料并掌握知识。他们的成绩则将完全基于最终的考试或论文。Claire表示同意，她认为大学生活忙碌，只要学生对自己的学习负责，可以不必参加每次课程；Andrew则表示不同意，他认为课堂出勤培养了学生的纪律性和责任感，课堂出勤实际上是为毕业后进入职场做准备。
    这篇文章采用了“个人观点+因果论证+举例论证+让步反驳+总结”的写作结构，通过论述课堂出席的重要性，反对将其设为自愿并仅通过考试或论文来评定学生成绩的做法。文章首先提出了课堂学习的独特价值，强调了互动式教学的重要性。接着，文章通过具体的例子，阐述法律课堂学习中所包含的核心内容，如小组辩论、案例分析以及模拟法庭等，这些活动不仅有助于学生深入理解法律概念，还能提升他们的批判性思维和解决问题的能力。随后，文章反驳了Claire关于自愿出勤的观点，指出自愿出勤政策可能导致学生错失课堂上的关键学习机会。最后，文章明确指出，学生只有定期参加课堂学习时，才能充分受益于互动式学习活动，进而发展出对知识和其应用的全面理解。
    文章语言简洁明了，观点表述直截了当地。论证部分通过对比论证和举例论证，充分展示了课堂出席的重要性。论证逻辑严密，层次分明，反驳观点的部分也恰到好处，体现出一定的论证能力与批判思维。整体而言，语言的流畅性和逻辑的连贯性，增强了文章的说服力和可读性。

    用词用语整理
    【让步状语从句+宾语从句+同位语从句】
    “Although Claire argued that an optional-attendance policy could provide flexibility for students with hectic schedules, she overlooked the fact that relying on independent study may diminish the effectiveness and overall outcomes of university courses.” 这句话通过指出Claire忽视了依赖独立学习可能降低大学课程效果的事实，有力地支持了文章对课堂出勤必要性的立场。其中，让步状语从句展示了文章对其中一位同学的理解和让步，为反驳做铺垫；宾语从句详细阐述了Claire的具体观点；同位语从句则解释了“the fact”是什么，进一步支持了文章的反驳理由。

    【倒装结构】
    “Therefore, only when taking classes regularly can students fully benefit from interactive learning activities and develop a comprehensive understanding of knowledge and its applications.” 这句话在文章中起到总结和强调的作用，进一步强化了文章关于课堂出勤必要性的观点。其中，倒装结构通过将“can students”置于句首，强调了“只有定期上课”这一条件是实现学生充分受益的前提，突出其重要性，增强了句子的语气和说服力。

    worthwhile（值得做的，重要的）：形容某个活动或事情值得投入资源，通常用于表示有益、重要或者能带来回报的事物。在文章中用来强调课堂学习的重要性，表明课堂内容和互动活动是极具价值和不可或缺的。
    例句：The research was hard, but it was definitely worthwhile because it led to new discoveries.这项研究很艰难，但它绝对是值得的，因为它带来了新的发现。

    mock trials（模拟法庭）：常用于法律课程、预备律师的训练，或者一些教育活动中，旨在让参与者体验和学习法庭审理过程。学生或参与者扮演不同的角色，如律师、证人和法官，通过模拟实际的法庭场景来锻炼学生的法律技能和理解。在文章中作为说明法律课程中的实践性活动的具体例子出现。
    例句：In law school, students often participate in mock trials to practice their courtroom skills before they face real cases.在法学院，学生们常常参加模拟法庭审判，在面对真实案件之前练习他们的法庭技能。

    simulated（模拟的，仿真的）：指通过技术或其他方式复制某种情境、状态或过程的特点，以便进行测试、训练或研究。在文章中用来描述模拟法庭的场景，强调这种虚拟但逼真的实践活动能够为学生提供接近真实世界的法律操作体验。
    例句：The pilot practices in a simulated flight environment before taking control of the real airplane.飞行员在真正操作飞机之前，在模拟的飞行环境中进行练习。

    crucial（至关重要的，关键性的）：通常用来形容某个事情或因素对于某个结果非常重要，不容忽视。在文章中用来强调模拟法庭活动中的活动（如开庭陈述、提交案情摘要和庭审辩论）对学生实际法律操作能力的重要性，从而强化了课堂学习在学生全面发展的关键作用。
    例句：The success of the negotiation will depend on several crucial factors, such as trust, timing, and mutual understanding between both parties."谈判的成功将取决于几个至关重要的因素，比如信任、时机和双方的相互理解。

    hectic（繁忙的，忙碌的）：用来形容人的日程、工作、生活等忙碌的状态，通常指充满压力、混乱或快速变化的情境。在文章中用来形容学生的繁忙日程，强调了自愿出勤政策可能对这些学生提供的灵活性，但同时也为后文反驳该政策可能影响学习效果的论点铺垫了背景。
    例句：The office has been hectic this week because of the upcoming project deadline.这周办公室非常忙碌，因为即将到来的项目截止日期。

    diminish（减少，降低）：使某物变小、减少或减弱，通常用于表达某事物的数量、程度或强度减少了，可以用在物理上的减少（如减少数量、体积）或抽象概念的减弱（如减少信心、兴趣）。在文章中用来表达依赖独立学习可能削弱大学课程效果的观点，强调了课堂出勤对于保持学习效果和整体成果的重要性。
    例句：Over time, her enthusiasm for the project began to diminish as she faced more challenges.随着面对越来越多的挑战，她对这个项目的热情逐渐减弱。

    comprehensive（全面的，综合的）：表示对某一事物或某一领域进行了广泛和详尽的覆盖，通常用来形容一个计划、研究、报告、分析等覆盖广泛，且包含所有重要方面，也可以形容“全面的理解”或“广泛的知识”，例如文章中用来形容学生通过定期上课所能获得的对法律领域的全面了解，就是用的这个意思。
    例句：The company conducted a comprehensive survey to understand customer needs in different regions.这家公司进行了一个全面的调查，以了解不同地区顾客的需求。