2017年5月13日新托福口语预测

文/长沙新航道学校托福教研组

【本文为长沙新航道学校托福教研组整理的2017年5月13日的新托福考试预测文件，除每月考试预测外，学校还将针对每场考试进行小范围预测，预测文件学生可关注长沙新航道官方网站https://cs.xhd.cn/，雅思预测、托福预测栏目将及时更新；或关注新浪微博@长沙新航道，也可前往五一广场平和堂1804室咨询台领取。】

 

2017年5月6日托福考试回顾：

 

 

 

 2017年5月13日托福考试预测如下：（温馨提示各位考生，善于运用预测，不过分依赖预测、模板，强化自己的口语表达基本功才是能让自己口语得高分的关键。）

独立话题重点

 

Task 1

1. Describe the disadvantages of shopping online. Please use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.

2. Do you agree or disagree that university students who are caught cheating in exams should be asked to leave school? Describe the advantage or disadvantage of this policy in details and give examples.

3. Describe the first time when you travelled alone. Did you enjoy it or not and why?

4. Teaching is a challenging profession. Even the best teacher can make mistakes. What are the common mistakes a teacher can make?

5. If you win lottery, which things you will like to do and why, charity donation, science and education support or personal investment?

6. How do you usually reward you yourself after a big examination?

7. Which one would you like to join in, science club or hiking club?

8. Your school is going to help the community, which of the following would you prefer, cleaning the litter and trash, planting trees and flowers, or teaching children knowledge about the environment?

9. Which of the following would you like to learn, playing the piano, swimming or repairing a car?

10. What can universities do to help protect the environment?

11. The University decides to set a cooking module for students to let them have better understanding of nutrients and health. Do you think it is a reasonable decision or not?

12. Every examination, your friend can not get high marks, so she want to improve scores, what advice you may give her?

Task 2

1. Someone prefer to have a light lunch during work, others prefer to have a big meal. Which one do you prefer and why.

2. Some people prefer to have a well paid job, while others prefer to have a job which can give a lot of satisfactions, which one do you prefer and why?

3. Do you agree or disagree that teenagers are responsible enough to manage the money by themselves?

4. Which way do you prefer to make a payment? Cash or bank cards?

5. Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Employees should be allowed to listen to music at work.

6. Some teachers prefer students to send questions about course work or assignments by email, other teachers prefer that students ask these questions in person. Which do you think it better and why?

7. Some students prefer to choose career before getting into college. Others prefer to choose career after taking some university courses. Which do you prefer and why?

8. Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Children can learn better from teachers who are kind (amiable) and friendly?

9. When you play the games or sports, some prefer to play for fun while others play to win the games, which one you prefer?

 

综合话题重点

重点1:

Task 3:

Reading ---学校打印室将限制学生每次打印纸张的次数因为学校认为纸张花费严重，学生有乱打现象；其次打印机和电脑经常出问题老是需要维修；

Listening --- Attitude:男生反对；

Listening---Reason1: 学生确实需要打印很多纸张是因为学习作业需要；

Listening---Reason 2: 学校不应该责备学生滥用设备而使其不能正常工作，而是设施确实过于陈旧；

 

Task 4:

阅读部分：人在生活中需要承担各种角色，他们会根据当时的利弊权衡而对这些角色进行优先排序；听力部分：一个学生明天需要上交一份作业但是他的朋友打电话叫他出去玩，在学生和朋友之间他选择了先履行做学生的责任即使他非常想出去玩；一个女孩正在做家务活她的朋友叫她去参加排队；即使她非常想出去，但她还是选择了先做家务活履行一个做女儿的职责；

 

Task 5:

听力部分：男生事先答应了帮他朋友照顾生病的宠物，但是兼职的班表零时调整经理叫他去上班；他有个选择，是叫他妹妹帮他照顾宠物，他自己去上班，但是她妹妹可能不太愿意因为要做作业；第二选择是他可以叫另外一个同时帮他代班，但是他不知道这样急性打电话给同事是不是能够行得通；

 

Task 6:

听力部分：地理学课堂上教授讲解了河流干涸的两种的方式：是被自然界的有机沉淀物填充：植物死亡分解变成泥状不断填充河床，以至于越来越少的空间给水，所以渐渐的河流被填充最后消失；第二是被人类使用，农民不断从河流抽水，这样做没什么不对只要河流不断的被溪水和雨水填充，如果没有，湖泊将消失；

 

 

重点2

Task 3:

Reading—Announcement: the school is planning to prohibit students ride bicycles on campus because there could be accidents. Instead, the school would provide free bus service.

Listening—Attitude: 女生反对

Listening—Reason 1: 事故都是晚上发生的，白天很安全

Listening—Reason 2: Bus一小时才来一班，太浪费时间

 

Task 4:

Reading—Test Customer: in order to see whether employee’s performance, the employer might hire a ‘customer’ that makes purchases in the store just like regular customers do, then the hired ‘customer’ reports to the employer about the employee’s performance.

Listening—一个餐厅的 manager 找一个人当 test customer，来测试员工的服务是否到

位。

 

Task 5:

Problem: The woman is attending a play, but she’s busy with her school work, so she’s afraid that attending the play might influence her academic performance.

Solution 1: Quit the play

Comment: she’s majoring in theater, and she is not attending the play just for fun, it’s beneficial for her career

Solution 2: Drop some of the required classes, take them next semester

Comment: she has to start over on these classes; it’s a lot of trouble.

 

Task 6:

总括：不同电影拍摄技术可以赋予角色不同的特点

观点 1：从 low angle 拍显得比较 powerful

例子 1：电影 Queen of England 中的 queen 就采用 low angle 拍摄

观点 2：从 high angle 拍显得角色比较 powerless

例子 2：拍一个沙漠中的男人，如果俯拍就显得他 hopeless 

 

重点3

 

Task 3:

reading：

School will remove the posters on the concrete wall outside the student center.

First it can improve the appearance. second，posters can be put in the dining hall on the bulletin board.

listening：

woman：Disagrees.

first，the concrete wall would be boring without the changing posters. Different posters can show different personalities.

second，not everybody eating in the dining hall. Students may choose to eat in the snack bar or on the street. So posters in the dining hall will not be noticed by them.

 

 

Task 4:

Reading—Coloration warning: Animals have special color or other features that surprise/startle the predators, so the next time when predators see them, they wouldn’t come close.

Listening—Skunk【臭 鼬】 The predator of skunk is wolf. When wolves approach, they would emit a unique scent to drive the wolves away. Skunk has bold black and white coloration which makes their appearance memorable. So the next time when wolves see skunk, they know to stay away in order to avoid being sprayed by the scent.

 

Task 5:

problem：

the man has a conflict：He wants to attend a film discussion meeting tomorrow but he also has to dine with his cousin tomorrow.

two choices：

1. The woman dines with cousin for the man

advantage：Cousin will know more people

disadvantage：the cousin is shy，dining with the woman may be uncomfortable.

2. The man will not attend the meeting.

disadvantage：The film discussion meeting is really interesting.

 

Task 6:

总括：人们为什么对某些事情印象会非常深刻？对这种现象有两种解释

观点 1：我们在之前对它们有所了解

例子 1：没了解过音乐的人参加 classical music concert，一年之后就不会对这个 concert

有很多记忆；但是学习过音乐的人却可以记住其中的 details

观点 2：对特殊的人或事能记得更清楚

例子 2：在大教室中上课，人们更容易记住特别的人，比如 tallboy/intelligent girl

 

重点4

 

Task3

Reading

【Proposal】Students should be allowed to use cell phones in the library.

【Reasons】

1. Students can talk with a lower voice and whisper.

2. Occasionally, students need to make emergency calls.

Listening

The girl disagrees. It doesn’t work.

【Reasons】

1. The library should be quiet. If students talk with a lower voice or whisper, they cannot be heard, so they would have to talk loudly and make noise, which will cause the distractions to other students.

2. If students get emergency calls, they can go out to check messages. Normally, urgent calls will be delivered by messages.

 

Task 4:

Convergent evolution the process in which unrelated animals developed similar traits. Example used was the aardvark, a pig like animal, and echidna, a small animal in Africa. Both animals eat the same insects that live in complexly mud holes. Both developed long sticky tongues that can be used to eat the insect.

 

Task 5:

【Problem】 The man in the conversation attends a club and they would like to travel to France, but he doesn’t have enough money to pay for the plane ticket.

【Solutions】

1. He can work extra ten hours every day at the restaurant.

2. He can sell his guitar to pay for the ticket. He hasn’t been using his guitar for a long time.

 

Task 6:

Product repackaging: two conditions companies would do so the first condition is in response to new technology or material available for packaging the example used was milk bottles from glass to plastic more durable and cheap. Second condition is in response to competition from competitors. Example used was milk again. Its competitors selling juices n tea started to sell in smaller n more portable sizes it changed its products into smaller and more portable sizes to respond to competitor market change.

 

重点5

 

Task 3:

Topic sentence:

The University is planning to install computers in every dorm building and woman in the conversation supports this plan.

Reading

First, the university believes that with computers available in every dorm building, students will be able to receive and send their assignments or emails to their professors more efficiently. But there’s a rule that each student could only use computers no more than 10mints, when someone else is waiting.

Listening

The woman totally agrees with this plan because firstly, sometimes she forgets to check directions online when she has already went out the dorm. So if there is a computer in the lobby, she doesn’t have to go back to the fourth floor. Secondly, limiting the using time will prevent students from typing their essays and occupying these computers for a long time.

 

Task 4:

Learn transfer

阅读部分：学习过程中，以前学习的东西对后来学习的东西的作用，分两种： a. Negative transfer. b. Positive transfer.

教授分别举例，Positive transfer. 举了教授自己的例子。小时候学习钢琴，不看琴键， 只看乐谱。后来到高中学习打字，只看屏幕，不看键盘。很 Helpful。 听力部分： Negative transfer 举了教授朋友的例子。以前是舞台剧演员，习惯了大声念台词，后来做 movie actor，不需要大声了，但还总是大声。此为 negative transfer.

 

Task 5:

Topic sentence

The woman and her club members were planning to go on an outdoor activity but that place was shut down at the last minute due to some emergencies and they already paid the bus fees which are non-refundable.

In order to solve this problem, they have two solutions: they can either arrange the trip to the waterfalls or to the science museum instead.

Preference

If I were her, I would choose the second solutions for two reasons. First, most of the members have already been to the waterfall, so it might be less interesting If they go there again.

What’s more, planning a new trip to the science museum will make people feel excited because the exhibitions there are frequently updated.

 

Task 6:

Loon birds have two types of feather to protect them in the cold water, they are water birds live in cold climate in north America, 1st, counterfeit (伪造的东西), feather which is the outer layer of the birds’ body. This type of feather keeps the birds dry, it is packed tightly and oily which keep the water going into the body. 2nd type is down feather, which keeps the bird warm. It is dense and thick and is making of soft fluffy material. So it prevents the heat loosing for the body.

 

重点6

Task 3:

【个人倡议】一学生建议关闭coffee house. 因为这个地方很少有人来不是一个聚会的好地方并且灯光很差不适宜学习。

【学生态度】女生和男生讨论反对这建议:理由 1:很多学生白天有课,但晚上有时间经常在coffee house 聚会, hang out or do some reading.理由 2:after renovation, 这个地方灯光变好,每张桌子上灯光很足。

 

Task 4:

【名词解释】记忆心理学。轨迹法(method of loci)。借助轨迹法按顺序 image 记忆东西的方法。选的东西要vivid,更好记。

【教授举例】:教授举了个记 names of planets 的例子。记 names of planets 时可把每一个行星的名字当作一个去 student center 路上的标志去记忆:比如你要 from your dorm to student center. The first thing you see is the front door, then the tree, then the status in front of library then the building。再一一对应,比如 to memorize names of planets in solar system, make Mercury as front door, Venus as tree etc.。当考试时你就 do the same thing,用这些door, tree 帮助自己回忆起 names。

 

Task 5:

【学生问题】女生的问题是:要做一个 project about film class,今天要拍但是有雨,而且还有两天截至日期.

两个解决方案:

1)可以转向 building 用这里的 scenes。

2)可能明天拍,因为明天 weather becoming better, 但是问题是明天她需要编 辑,并要完成这个project, 没有时间。

 

Task 6:

【讲课要点】:biology class。深海鱼类 fish can make electric current and they can

benefit from it in 2 ways: 用途1 用电 流 capture 小鱼,从而获得 food。举例:eel can produce strong currency to shock and paralyze small fish, and then eat it。 用途2 用电流自卫、逃避危险。举例:一种叫做 knife fish 的鱼。这种鱼利用其身体产生的electric current field 去 explore the dark environment。If there is a rock nearby the it, the current field will change. So the knife fish can sense it and avoiding crashing into the rock。

 

重点7

Task 3:

Newspaper to Post Off campus Job Opportunities

The newspaper will feature a job listing of local off-campus businesses

1 student complain about shortage of jobs

2 help student find jobs related to their majors

She agrees.

1. When she was freshman she went to many places like a bookstore to apply for a job. She didn’t get one. The offers given by the university are taken too fast. It is very frustrating. As a freshman, she was not familiar with the area. She did not know where to go to find a job

2 Her friend who majors in law wants to know how a lawyer works. But she works in a bookstore which is not beneficial for her career in the long term. If she can find a job as a lawyer, she will have sth good on her resume.

 

Task 4:

顾客锁定:厂家只制造能跟自己产品匹配的配件的一种营销方法。

例子:教授有个 A 牌相机，但不小心把变焦镜头摔坏了。后来在街上看到个价 格合理、各方面性能比 A 还好的 B 牌镜头，打算买，但结果发现没法安在自己的 A 牌相机上。所以教授只能花高价卖 A 牌特定的镜头。

 

Task 5:

Man’s problem: he has to go to his friend’s wedding ceremony tomorrow morning. He has no suit to wear

1st solution: borrow one from his cousin. But his cousin is shorter than him. The sleeves and pants of the suit will be short for him, which will make him look not good enough. His friend Suzy can help him sew the suit to make the sleeves and pants longer. But she is not a sewing expert. He has to leave campus in the early morning. He does not have enough time

2nd solution: buy one from a store. But he does not want to spend money on it. The suit will be expensive

 

Task 6:

植物学。植物有两种方法适应 harsh environment 具体的那个词忘记了，下面的例子也都说了具体名称，但是都是拟音的，所以忘记了。S1,针对 high wind，就长得矮一点，只高过地面几公分，避免 high-wind 的 damage。S2 针对 lack of water, 特殊的叶子可以减少蒸发，储存水分。

 

重点8

Task 3:

阅读说大一学生需要得到更多帮助，学校会把小组改为 20 人，

男生同意

原因之一是刚上大学不知道怎么准备论文作业和考试；

原因之二是大学和高中不同，高中知识听老师讲课，大学是更多的交流。

 

Task 4:

文章说动物靠各种姿势声音等信号交流，教授举了两个例子

个说他的狗追着卡车跑和叫，但是并没有得到回应，所以车子停了他就消停了。

第二个是自己的够和另外一只狗，本来也是叫，但是还有耳朵和尾巴的一些互动，两只狗都

突然变得友好，表明他们接收到了彼此的信息以完成交流。

 

Task 5:

女生要参加 camping 但没有帐篷，有两个解决方案，一个是向朋友借，但是很旧，如果下雨也许会淋雨，

另一个是自己买，但是有点小贵，也许不喜欢了以后不再参加，觉得比较浪费。

 

Task 6:

关于weeds是不是useful，当然是的，有两个理由.

一是hold the soil 拿coffee举例，coffee产地大多多雨，weeds保护他们不会wash away；

二是防止不会被animal吃掉，也是coffee举例，他们会去吃那些leaves而不是crop，所以

可以保护他们。

 

重点9

 

Task3

【公开信】有个人写信给学校,说student directory(college directory that has all the contact information of students.) 可以两个方面改进:1. 加照片(Add photos of students)2. 制作一个网上在线浏览的版本(Put the directory on the internet)。

【学生对话】听力里男人说好啊。

1. some students may have the same name, photo helps students to find the right person. 因为上礼拜我用student directory 找个人忘了他的last name,结果打错了各种囧,有照片就不会;还有在线浏览好啊,

2. Some students can’t find the directory. 很多人一开学就displace 了那本小书,有了在线版就啥时候都能看见了。(It is easy for students to find these information if there are electronic version of the directory available online.) 

 

Task4

【名词解释】Insight learning。在观察周围情况后,动物能相处解决问题的方案。这就是insight learning。

【教授举例】: 举例大猩猩(Chimpanzee)如何获取食物的例子来进一步阐述这个理论和概念。香蕉在很高的天花板上(top of its cage) 挂着,猩猩反应是跳起来去取,一次两次甚至三次,太高取不到会失望和沮丧。Then it give up and sit down for awhile, 经过思考,他发现屋里有box,于是他拿来一个box 垫在自己脚下再去取,还是不够高,他又拿另外一个Box,(use box on top of other boxes)直到盒子的高度足以让他取到香蕉。

 

Task5

阅读说学校对theatre专业的有新要求take a trip off campus，看专业的product，要花35元。女的问男的态度，男的很欢迎，说对理解有帮助，花钱也不多，花3次的钱可以看一次免费的。

 

Task6

【讲座内容】商务经济类，关于collect information for business marketing 的2 个方法，是quantity way，例子是，一个car manufacture, use 这个方法通过大量调查，发现没有孩子的客户购买量大,而有孩子的客户购买量小。第二个方法是opinion based 就是问卷调查之类的。之后该公司为了查明为什么有孩子的客户购买量小，就用该方法survey 问卷调查，发现是car 的back seat 有问题，孩子觉得不舒服。

 

重点10

 

Task3

【学校通知】

关于学校的咖啡厅又一个新计划:允许学生办音乐会

【学生对话】

女学生说太好了

,她是个音乐家,弹吉他又唱歌,这样的话给像她这样的学生提供了表演机会,练习在观众前放松表演,还有怎么用麦克风什么的。

第二,音乐会是免费的,这样的话好多学生可以不用担心负担不起。男声基本上就随声附和。

 

Task4

【名词解释】一种商业竞争策略fighting brand。大公司推出价格便宜的子品牌跟小公司竞争。

【讲座举例】听力中例子company A生产digital camera,口碑很好,大家都乐意买。有小

公司B生产similar digital camera,但是价格便宜,大家觉得这也是个不错的deal。大公司

司A 为了保住市场份额,推出一个牌子,价钱便宜质量一般,跟B 公司竞争。因为人们对公

司A 公司熟悉所以买公司A 子品牌的东西,逐渐不买公司B 的。

 

Task 5

　　【一个问题】男生第二天有个关于poem的paper要交，本来想好晚上去图书馆借书的，但周日图书馆早关门，他晚上和同学吃饭去了，没借到。

　　【解决方案】(1)宿舍有其他书，可以写别的诗，但他很喜欢之前选的那首，都构思好了;(2) 明天早上早点起来去图书馆借书，还有几个小时可以写，虽然时间紧，但是也够用了

 

Task 6

　　【讲座主题】关于提供service的商家如何让别人知道自己的服务好

　　【2个例子】教授举了她朋友的painting service公司的例子，用了两种方法让客人知道他们的刷墙技术很好。1. 让以前的顾客写评价，他们评价说弄得很漂亮、速度很快什么的，来吸引顾客。2. 在工作室挂上before and after的picture作对比，向大家展示效果好。

   

重点11

 

Task 3

　　【讲座主题】学校要求每个senior literature major student在毕业前写一篇research thesis

　　【2个好处】(1)improve their research skills;(2)学校将给每个学生指定一个advisor, encourage them to communicate with the advisors。

　　【学生态度】男生agreed

　　【2个原因】(1)平时的论文thesis都比较短，学不到东西，图书馆里的资料都没有用到，现在有机会写一篇较长的research thesis很好;(2)每个学生在写thesis的时候可以和advisor讨论，找出论文的不足，最终写出一篇高质量的thesis, 这样比之前导师只给学生论文写几句comment好很多

　　【问题】. Explain the man’s opinion towards the school announcement and why he holds that opinion.

　　

Task 4

　　【讲座主题】babies和父母能相互影响

　　【1个例子】教授举了一个例子，两个parents和一个六个月大的baby named Max。Max 喜欢smile, 喜欢to be hold, 喜欢communicate with his parents。Max的这些行为导致他的parents也爱对他笑，爱抱他。而baby喜欢feedback from the parents, 这种feedback又进一步刺激Max喜欢和父母交流。

　　

Task 5

　　【一个问题】男生想在coffee house办个poetry reading, 但是coffee house只能提供一个小时，一共有二十个人报名，一个小时肯定读不完。来源：北京新航道托福培训

　　【解决方案】女生提了两个建议：(1) 让前10个报名的同学读，剩下的下次再读，但是没能读诗的同学可能会disappointed;(2) 把活动地点从coffee house改到lecture hall, 时间可以很长，但是环境没意思，咖啡厅有吃的喝的，比较有意思。

　　

Task 6

　　【讲座主题】动物靠在空中放出pheromone来交流communicate

【2个用途】(1) 判断location: an insect can use this chemical to guide another insect from food to home。举例：蜜蜂在外找食，在巢里的其他蜜蜂就会发出这种激素，帮助找食的蜜蜂找到自己的巢。(2) this chemical is the signal to show that female animals are ready to mate。举例：a female moth can relapse this chemical, so a male moth can know this female moth is ready to mate and can find where it is。

 

 

重点12

 

Task 3:

阅读：商学院要求学生在大二参加为期5周的公司实习，：能够积累到有效的领导组织工作经验；第二：确保毕业后有一份稳定安全的工作机会；

听力：女生不同意；：她的堂姐参加了类似的实习机会，根本无法学到领导组织管理层的经验，而只是一些简单基本的文职工作；第二：其他大学的学生也在进行类似的实习项目，同届的毕业竞争压力大，找工作的学生也多，而工作机会少，所以无法得到稳定的工作机会；

 

Task 4:

阅读：Successful public speaker: 不光只是宏亮的声音，清晰的发音；最核心的方面是能在公众面前树立良好的信誉度；

听力部分：利用一位成功的女政治家作为例子来阐述：，她是演讲时涉及有关话题的专家，尤其是她有强大的金融背景，每当在演讲时，提及到金融问题时，她的解说和见解非常的专业和权威，而金融又是政治管理的重要组成部分，这让她在公众面前表现的非常有可信度和说服力；第二：她在演讲时，很注意和公众的眼神交流，而眼神的交流又是发展个人信誉度的重要方式。

 

Task 5:

听力：女的手腕折了，但是她想和合奏团一起参加钢琴合奏比赛。两个方案：：她可以试着参加，因为医生说已经康复得差不多了。如果不参加，她的合奏团成员会有些失望；第二：她自己因为手受伤已经很久没有练琴了，她有点担心；但是她可以找一个朋友代替她比赛，那位朋友是一位不错的琴手，但是她不知道朋友愿不愿意，因为朋友经常很忙；

 

Task 6:

定义：花儿是怎样通过颜色和气味吸引传粉者而进行下一代生长的；

：花儿通过艳丽醒目的颜色吸引以它们的花蜜为食的昆虫传粉；比如小雏菊有非常惹人注目的颜色能够吸引蝴蝶帮它们传粉；

第二：花儿通过芬芳吸引；比如茉莉花经常在夜晚发出浓烈的香味吸引晚上活动的飞蛾传粉；

 

 

重点13

 

Task3

阅读：学校决定要扩建一下露天体育场；原因一：吸引更多的运动员和教练来校；原因二：在校的运动员将更好的投入到运动练习中，更好的享受场地。

听力：男生不同意；原因一：想要吸引的运动员和教练硬件设施不是那么重要，而是学校的体育成就和重视度。原因二：在校运动员现有的场所已经够了，不必要的扩张维修会影响学生老师正常生活和工作；而且会产生不必要的话费；

 

Task4

阅读：美国上世纪室内设计的两种风格：一种叫consistent,一种叫abrupt.它们是上世纪室内风格的主流，相互融合，相互影响。

听力：教授具体分别讲述了两种风格的例子；consistent::比如房间里面的墙纸，地毯，沙发都是用不同程度上的绿色，这样给人一种和谐的感觉。但是不能全部是这种风格和布置，因为会给人很无聊的感觉。abrupt:能突出重点，视觉上有跳动性，比如可以在全部以绿色为基调的室内，具体来说是沙发上放一些黑白相见抱枕。

 

Task5

男生遇到的问题：错过了飞机，在另一个城市有场学术演讲要做，但是是明天下午，所以时间不是很赶。

个解决方案：马上定下一班飞机，但是他有点累。

第二个解决方案：定明天早上的飞机，但是今天的附近的酒店全部客满，不是很好找地方住宿。

 

Task6

地理学上教授讲述了湖泊消失的两种方式：种是自然界的原因：对于那个长有植物的湖泊，植物一旦死亡就会分解最后变成泥状物沉淀在河床底部，久而久之很多的沉淀泥状物堆积在一起占据了水的空间，河流开始干涸。第二种是人类活动。比如农民取水去灌溉庄稼，这样ok如果有持续的水源比如雨水，或者溪水去供给，如果没有湖泊就会干涸。

 

重点14

 

Task 3:

学校决定重现翻修学生宿舍，原因1: 提高学生的住宿率，从而缓解学校财政压力；原因2: 希望提高学校的硬件条件，来吸引更多的新学生就读本校；

 

男生不同意。原因1:翻修会影响学生的正常生活和学习，况且新的宿舍可能会贵，会使更多的学生不愿意住校；愿意2；光靠提高硬件设施提高入学率是不够的，关键是教学质量，和师资力量；

 

Task 4:

阅读：一种叫Questioning awareness of effects的教学方法：老师通过问学生是否意识到自己的行为有扰乱课堂的发面影响，但是发问后不等学生解释，继续讲课。以帮助学生改正这个不良习惯。

 

听力：教授在自己的可能上定了规矩：任何一个学生想要回答问题，必须举手。可是有一个叫丽丽的女生经常不举手，直接把问题脱口而出。有一次教授直接问她是否注意到自己的不良行为对其他学生有不公平。问完后不给丽丽解释机会，继续讲课。从那以后丽丽开始遵守规矩，举手回答问题。

 

 

Task 5:

女生的问题：在参加一个很重要的学术研讨会和答应帮教授布置展厅发生了冲突；

解决方案一：让其他学生替代布置教授的展厅；

解决方案二：看看是否在研讨会来临之前，把展厅的布置任务完成；

 

Task 6:

在生物课上教授讲授了Subsurface locomotion的概念以及举例大沙漠中的蜥蜴是怎样从中收益的。其一：在地底下爬行能帮助它避免严酷环境，诸如暴晒高温的危险。其二：能帮助它轻易捕食，比如蜥蜴能快速在地底下穿梭，当感知到猎物的存在，马上从地底上钻出，并迅速吃掉。