Passage One
 
新旧情况 旧2012 年6 月30日

题材 人文类

题目 中国古代战车

题型 Chariot (China) TRUE\FALSE\NOT GIVEN 4 题 Complete the diagram 6 题 Answer questions 3 题

文章大意 中国兵马俑兵车的构造
The ancient Chinese chariot (simplified Chinese: 战车；traditional
Chinese: 戰車；pinyin: zhan che; literally "war vehicle") was used as an attack and pursuit vehicle on the open fields and plains of Ancient China from around 1200 BCE. Chariots also allowed military commanders a mobile platform from which to control troops while providing archers and soldiers armed with dagger-axes increased mobility. They reached a peak of importance during the Spring and Autumn period, but were largely superseded by cavalry in the Han Dynasty.
 
Origins
Traditional sources attribute the invention of the chariot to the Xia Dynasty minister Xi Zhong（奚仲）, [1][2][3] and say they were used at the Battle of Gan（甘之战）in the 21st century BCE. However archeological evidence shows that small scale use of the chariot began around 1200 BCE in the late Shang Dynasty.[4][5]
 
Contemporary oracle bone inscriptions of the character 車（车）depict a chariot-like two wheeled vehicle with a single pole for the
attachment of horses.
Ancient Chinese chariots were typically two wheeled vehicles drawn by two or four horses[9] with a single draught pole measuring around 3 meters long that was originally straight but later evolved into two curved shafts. At the front end of the pole there was a horizontal draw-bar about one meter long with wooden yokes attached, to which the horses would be harnessed. Wooden wheels with a
diameter of between approximately 1.2 - 1.4 meters were mounted on a three meter long axle and secured at each end with a bronze
hubcap. Wheels of the Shang period usually had 18 spokes, but those of the Zhou period numbered from 18 to 26. Chariot wheels of
the Spring and Autumn period (8th-7th century BCE) had between 25 and 28 spokes. The carriage body was around one meter long
and 0.8 meters wide with wooden walls and an opening at the back to provide access for soldiers.[10][11]
With the arrival of the Spring and Autumn Period (771-476 BCE) improvements had been made to the chariot's design and construction. The angle of the curved draw pole had increased raising the end of the pole. This reduced the amount of effort required by the horse pulling the chariot and increased its speed.
The width of the carriage body had also increased to around 1.5 meters allowing soldiers greater freedom of movement. Key
components such as the pole, hubcap and yoke were reinforced with decorated copper castings, increasing the chariot's stability
and durability. These chariots were variously referred to as “gold chariots” (金车), “attack chariots”（攻车）or “weapons chariots”.
（戎车）[10]
部分答案 1.描述是否准确，第二段中能找到，原文是confirm 答案肯定
2.略
3.战车的一些信息
4.略
一个画着战车轮子的图：
Bronze ；strust；Lubricating Oil，elm
问答：
技术产生之后马的哪个部位不用再受力：neck
略
战车是在个皇帝的哪里被埋葬
 
Passage Two 
 
新旧情况 旧2012年6月30日考过

题材 动物类

题目 Chimpanzee 黑猩猩的研究

题型 Which paragraph contains the following information? 6 题 Multiple choices 4 题
Complete the sentences 3 题

文章大意 动物和人类的区别，以及它会使用工具。
英文原文阅读
Chimpanzees are our closest living relatives, sharing more than 98 percent of our genetic blueprint. Humans and chimps are also thought
to share a common ancestor who lived some four to eight million years ago.
Chimpanzees live in social communities of several dozen animals, and can habituate themselves to African rain forests, woodlands, and
grasslands.
Although they normally walk on all fours (knuckle-walking), chimpanzees can stand and walk upright. By swinging from branch to branch they can also move quite efficiently in the trees, where they do most of their eating. Chimpanzees usually sleep in the trees as well, employing nests of leaves.
Chimps are generally fruit and plant eaters, but they also consume insects, eggs, and meat, including carrion. They have a tremendously varied diet that includes hundreds of known foods.
Chimpanzees are one of the few animal species that employ tools. They shape and use sticks to retrieve insects from their nests or dig grubs out of logs. They also use stones to smash open tasty nuts and employ leaves as sponges to soak up drinking water. Chimpanzees can even be taught to use some basic human sign language.
Females can give birth at any time of year, typically to a single infant that clings to its mother's fur and later rides on her back until the age of two. Females reach reproductive age at 13, while males are not
considered adults until they are 16 years old.
Although chimps and humans are closely related, the apes have suffered much at human hands. These great apes are endangered and still threatened by bush meat hunters and habitat destruction.
 
部分答案 调节黑猩猩直接的冲突
填空：Stone and wood；termite
如果后代要成功，母亲必须是一个非常重要的角色
 
Passage Three
 
新旧情况  旧2012年6月30日考过
题材 人文类

题目Leicester 的新剧院

题型Choose the correctletter, A, B, C and D. 单选4 题 Summary 有选词 6题
TRUE\FALSE\NOT GIVEN 4 题

文章大意 英国的一个新型剧院，外面的观众可以看到里面之类的
部分答案 选择：
段中的**说明了说明
略
Light the touch paper 之后城市建设中有改变
为什么剧院能够吸引很多人的注意：花了很多钱/非常的建筑设计师
第四段中内容说明了什么
第五段中内容说明了什么
填空
On view; large
 
T/F/NG
是否在别的剧院
很多剧院的实验效果是否可以实现
建筑式样跟别的建筑有相似之处
略