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2024考研英语真题:2003完型(一)

作者: 2023-04-17 14:24 来源:长沙编辑
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  考研英语题型中,完型填空不易得分,很多考生对这一部分都表示非常无奈,为了帮助大家解决这一棘手难题,我们为大家整理了2024考研英语真题:2003完型(一),希望对大家有帮助。


  第一段


  ①Teachers need to be aware of the emotional, intellectual, and physical changes that young adults experience. ②And they also need to give serious   21   to how they can best   22   such changes. ③Growing bodies need movement and   23  , but not just in ways that emphasize competition.   24   they are adjusting to their new bodies and a whole host of new intellectual and emotional challenges, teenagers are especially self-conscious and need the   25   that comes from achieving success and knowing that their accomplishments are   26   by others. However, the typical teenage lifestyle is already filled with so much competition that it would be   27   to plan activities in which there are more winners than losers,   28  , publishing newsletters with many student-written book reviews,   29   student artwork, and sponsoring book discussion clubs. A variety of small clubs can provide   30   opportunities for leadership, as well as forpractice in successful   31   dynamics. Making friends is extremely important to teenagers, and many shy students need the   32   of some kind of organization with a supportive adult   33   visible in the background.


  ①Teachers need to be aware of the emotional, intellectual, and physical changes that young adults experience.老师们应该意识到年轻人(青少年)经历的情感、智力(思想)和身体方面的变化(改变)。
  【逻辑分析】文章第一句没有空,而且,这里是表达了一个观点,这样的题会简单一些。因为,文章的逻辑已经给出。顺藤摸瓜就好了。
  【语言分析】
  Teachers need to be aware of the emotional, intellectual, and physical changes that young adults experience.
  be aware of:知道;明白;意识到。
  emotion n. 情感。—— emotional adj. 情感的;情绪的;易动情的。
  intellect n. 智力;才智。—— intellectual adj. 智力的;有才智的;n. 知识分子。
  that部分是定语从句,修饰changes
  experience vt. 经历。


  ②And they also need to give serious   21   to how they can best   22   such changes.并且,老师们也要认真考虑,年轻人如何才能最好地适应这些变化。
  【逻辑分析】句首无逻辑词,逻辑一致,还是要关注年轻人的各种变化。
  【语言分析】
  And they also need to give serious 21   to how they can best   22   such changes.
  they指teachers
  21空是说,老师要做什么,即:还是要关心年轻人,所以,A正确。
  21. A. thought考虑                   B. idea思想                       C. opinion观点            D. advice建议
  how部分是宾语从句:how they can best   22   such changes.
  这里的they指young adults(年轻人)
  such changes = emotional, intellectual, and physical changes
  所以,22空是说,年轻人和这些变化之间的关系。老师关心年轻人,是为了帮助他们适应变化,所以,B正确。AD同意,所以,可以排除。C不符合文意,而且,年轻人本身就在经历变化,不需要刺激。
  22. A. strengthen加强                B. accommodate适应         C. stimulate刺激          D. enhance加强


  ③Growing bodies need movement and   23  , but not just in ways that emphasize competition.年轻人不断成长的身体需要活动和锻炼,但是,不能仅仅以强调竞争的方式来锻炼。
  【逻辑分析】句首无逻辑词,逻辑一致。
  【语言分析】
  Growing bodies need movement and 23  , but not just in ways that emphasize competition.
  growing adj. 增长的;增强的。
  move vi. 移动。—— movement n. 运动;活动。
  23空很简单,是和movement并列的词,所以,C正确。
  23. A. care照顾                         B. nutrition营养                 C. exercise锻炼          D. leisure休闲
  B给的有水平,属于常识干扰。
  but后面是另外一个句子,出现了省略,完整版:
  Growing bodies need movement and 23  , but Growing bodies need movement and exercise not just in ways that emphasize competition.
  in部分是方式状语,只不过有否定,that部分是定语从句,修饰ways。
  emphasize vt. 强调。
  competiton n. 竞争。
  【逻辑梳理】这里出现了非常关键的信息,即:年轻人不断成长的身体需要锻炼、运动。但是,不仅仅是要依靠强调竞争的方式来锻炼。换言之,也需要合作式的锻炼和运动。而且,不是否定竞争,而是,不能完全以竞争的方式来锻炼。


  ④  24   they are adjusting to their new bodies and a whole host of new intellectual and emotional challenges, teenagers are especially self-conscious and need the   25   that comes from achieving success and knowing that their accomplishments are   26   by others.因为,年轻人正在适应自己的新身体和一系列思想和情感上的问题,所以,年轻人的自我意识非常强,并且,需要通过实现成功以及知道自己的成功(成就)受到了他人的称赞来获得自信心。
  【逻辑分析】句首有空格,所以,逻辑需要看下文。
  【语言分析】
  24   they are adjusting to their new bodies and a whole host of new intellectual and emotional challenges, teenagers are especially self-conscious and need the   25   that comes from achieving success and knowing that their accomplishments are   26   by others.
  句子在逗号前是个完整的句子,后面也是,说明前面一个是从句,而且,24空也表明,逗号前是从句。
  从句是完整的:  24   they are adjusting to their new bodies and a whole host of new intellectual and emotional challenges. 年轻人正在适应他们的新身体和一系列新的思想和情感挑战(问题)。
  adjust vi. 适应 = accommodate(这里进一步确认上文选的是对的)
  主句:teenagers are especially self-conscious and need the   25   that comes from achieving success and knowing that their accomplishments are   26   by others.
  主句是and连接的两个句子,前一个是完整的,即:年轻人的自我意识非常强。
  self-conscious adj. 自我意识的。


  所以,从句和主句的关系是:年轻人正在经历一些变化(成长),自我意识很强。所以,很明显,是因果关系。所以,D正确。
  24. A. If如果        B. Although即使                C. Whereas然而          D. Because因为
  主句:teenagers are especially self-conscious and need the   25   that comes from ①achieving success and ②knowing that their accomplishments are   26   by others.
  25空已经给出了定冠词the,说明要选一个名词(这些都是能力)。
  所以,that部分是定语从句,即:25空的内容来自于:“实现成功,即:成功带来的东西”。所以,C正确。
  25. A. assistance帮助                 B. guidance指导                 C. confidence自信心      D. tolerance容忍
  ②knowing that their accomplishments are   26   by others.
  自信心一方面来自实现成功,另一方面来自:“知道他们的成就(成功)”被别人怎么样了。所以,B正确。
  26. A. claimed声称                    B. admired崇拜                 C. ignored忽视            D. surpassed超过。
  accomplish vt. 完成;实现。—— accomplishment n. 成就(= ①achieving success)


  ⑤However, the typical teenage lifestyle is already filled with so much competition that it would be   27   to plan activities in which there are more winners than losers,   28  , publishing newsletters with many student-written book reviews,   29   student artwork, and sponsoring book discussion clubs.但是,青少年的生活中,充满了如此多的竞争,以至于,去安排(组织)能够产生更多获胜者而不是失败者的活动是明智的,例如:出版带有学生评论的新闻简报,展示获胜者的照片,资助读书讨论俱乐部。
  【逻辑分析】句首出现了明显的逻辑词——however,说明,和上文的逻辑相反。上一句说,年轻人需要成功和被称赞来获得自信心。这句的内容将会与此相反。
  【语言分析】
  However, the typical teenage lifestyle is already filled with so much competition thatit would be 27   to plan activities in which there are more winners than losers,   28  , publishing newsletters with many student-written book reviews,   29   student artwork, and sponsoring book discussion clubs.
  句子主干是完整的:the typical teenage lifestyle is already filled with so much competition that
  typical adj. 典型的;通常的
  teenage n. 青少年。
  lifestyle n. 生活方式
  主句部分是意思是:“青少年的生活中,充满了如此多的竞争,以至于...”
  so...that...引导的是结果状语从句:it would be   27   to plan activities in which there are more winners than losers,   28  , publishing newsletters with many student-written book reviews,   29   student artwork, and sponsoring book discussion clubs.
  27空是要选一个形容词,it是形式主语,真正的主语是to部分:to plan activities in which there are more winners than losers,
  plan vt. 组织;计划;安排
  in部分是定语从句,修饰activities:in which there are more winners than losers,
  winner n. 赢家;获胜者。—— loser n. 输家;失败者。


  所以,主语是说:“组织能够产生更多获胜者而不是失败者的活动是怎么样的”,结合主句的意思,可知,青少年的生活中已经充满了竞争,所以,组织能够产生更多获胜者的活动是明智的,帮助青少年在竞争中获胜。所以,D正确。
  27. A. improper不适合               B. risky危险的                          C. fair公平的                     D. wise明智的
  so...that...引导的是结果状语从句:it would be   27   to plan activities in which there are more winners than losers,   28  ,publishing newsletters with many student-written book reviews,   29   student artwork, and sponsoring book discussion clubs.
  28空是要选publishing部分和前文的关系,前文说:“青少年的生活中充满了竞争,所以,要为他们组织产生更多获胜者的活动”,publishing部分是说:“出版带有学生写的书评的新闻报道”,也就是上文说的,要让获胜者受到更多人的称赞,让更多人知道,所以,这里其实是对activities做举例说明,即:组织什么样的活动。所以,C正确。


  28. A. in effect实际上                B. as a result结果               C. for example例如    D. in a sense某种意义是说
  newsletter n. 新闻简讯;简讯(就是校报那样的东西)
  29空,结合选项,可知是和publishing并列的,所以,是另外一个例子:  29   student artwork, and sponsoring book discussion clubs.
  artwork n. 图片;插图(书刊上的);艺术作品。这里指publishing部分说的书评报道(校报)上面要有哪些获胜者的插图,就是要宣传的意思。所以,A正确。B选项和artwork不搭配,描述应该是文字,而且,publishing部分已经说了book review,说明,已经有描述了。这里的book review更多的指称赞性的描述。这是语境意思,要有读懂文章的能力,才能领会。
  29. A. displaying展示               B. describing描述                      C. creating创造           D. exchanging交换
  sponsor vt. 资助。
  club n. 俱乐部。
  【逻辑梳理】所以,这句是说,要让青少年去竞争,还要展示那些获胜者,让他们的胜利被更多的人知道。


  ⑥A variety of small clubs can provide   30   opportunities for leadership, as well as for practice in successful   31   dynamics.各种各样的俱乐部提供了各种机会来锻炼领导力,以及锻炼有效的小组交流能力。
  【逻辑分析】句首无逻辑词,所以,逻辑一致,还是要参加具有竞争力的活动,产生更多的获胜者。
  【语言分析】
  A variety of small clubs can provide   30   opportunities ①for leadership, as well as②for practice in successful   31   dynamics.
  vary vi. 变化。—— variable adj. 可变的;n. 变量。—— various adj. 各种各样的;多样的。—— variety n. 多样的;多样化的;变体。—— variant n. 变体;变种(比如:新冠病毒,最早在2020年12月末左右,开始在全世界发现新的变体,用的就是这个词)。
  所以,各种各样的俱乐部,可以提供什么样的机会,那么就是各种各样的机会。所以,D正确。
  30. A. durable持续的                 B. excessive过多的                    C. surplus过多的         D. multiple多样的
  leadership n. 领导力;领导地位。
  A variety of small clubs can provide   30   opportunities ①for leadership, as well as②for practice in successful   31   dynamics.
  这里的本质是两句话,as well as = and。31空是还可以为什么提供练习:
  A variety of small clubs can provide   30 multiple  opportunities for practice in successful   31   dynamics.
  这里的关键是对dynamics的理解,它表示:“动力学;动态;变化”,这里要理解成交流的意思,即:各种俱乐部提供各种机会,来锻炼小组交流的能力,俱乐部club,就是group的意思。small club = group。所以,A正确。
  31. A. group小组                             B. individual个体               C. personnel全体人员         D. corporation公司


  ⑦Making friends is extremely important to teenagers, and many shy students need the   32   of some kind of organization with a supportive adult   33   visible in the background.对青少年来说,交朋友是极其重要的,很多害羞的学生需要某些有成年人支持的团体,带给他们安全感,而且,这个支持者应该处在不那么明显的地方。
  【逻辑分析】句首无逻辑词,所以,逻辑一致。
  【语言分析】
  Making friends is extremely important to teenagers, and many shy students need the 32   of some kind of organization with a supportive adult   33   visible in the background.
  and前是完整的句子:交朋友对青少年来说是极其重要的,所以,这里要开始说交朋友了。
  and后面是另外一个句子:many shy students need the   32   of some kind of organization with a supportive adult   33   visible in the background.
  32空是说,那些害羞的学生(青少年)需要有一个成年人支持的某种团体的什么。这里,害羞的人,需要安全感,而且,还要有成年人的支持,这一点足以说明需要安全感。所以,D正确。AC同义,B不符合文意,insurance指人身、商业保险。
  32. A. consent同意                    B. insurance保险                C. admission允许        D. security安全感
  and后面是另外一个句子:many shy students need the   32   of some kind of organization with a supportive adult   33   visible in the background.
  33空来自background
  background n. 背景;幕后;不显眼的位置。
  visible adj. 看得见的;明显的。
  即:这个支持的成年人要在背后,不显眼的地方,而visible是显眼的,所以,需要一个否定词。所以,B正确。D略有干扰,它指稀少,不常见,是指某种东西。
  barely = hardly = scarcely = 几乎不
  33. A. particularly尤其                      B. barely几乎不                C. definitely确定         D. rarely稀有
  【逻辑梳理】这句话的意思是指,让学生进入团体,去和别人交流(交朋友),但是,这种团体(组织)需要有成年人看着、监管着,而且,还不能太明显——就是不能干预,只是监管着。


  总结:第一段是说,在青少年的成长过程中,会遇到一些问题,老师要意识到,并且帮助学生适应成长中的这些变化(问题)。然后开始论述要做些什么——竞争方面如何做,交朋友要如何做等。

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