考研翻译确实是将英语翻译成汉语(英译汉),主要考查考生准确理解英语材料并将其转换为地道汉语的能力。下面新航道考研小编给大家带来了 2026考研英语真题精讲：2006翻译（二），希望对大家有帮助。

    2006 翻译精讲
    第二段

    ①First, the object of our study pleads for definition. ②What is an intellectual? ③ (46) I shall define him as an individual who has elected as his primary duty and pleasure in life the activity of thinking in a Socratic (苏格拉底的) way about moral problems. ④He explores such problems consciously, articulately, and frankly, first by asking factual questions, then by asking moral questions, finally by suggesting action which seems appropriate in the light of the factual and moral information which he has obtained. ⑤(47) His function is analogous to that of a judge, who must accept the obligation of revealing in as obvious a manner as possible the course of reasoning which led him to his decision.

    ①First, the object of our study pleads for definition.
    object n. 目标；目的；宗旨；vt. 反对；不赞成
    plead for sb/sth：为...辩护；声援；支持
    define vt. 定义；下定义。—— definite adj. 有限的。—— definition n. 定义；解释
    【完整译文】
    ① 首先，我们的研究目标是寻求定义。
    ② 首先，我们的研究目标是给知识分子下定义。
    ③ 首先，我们做研究的目的就是要给知识分子下定义（就是要定义什么是知识分子）。

    ②What is an intellectual?
    【完整译文】
    ① 什么是知识分子？

    ③ (46) I shall define him as an individual who has elected as his primary duty and pleasure in life the activity of thinking in a Socratic (苏格拉底的) way about moral problems.
    I shall define him as an individual who has elected as his primary duty and pleasure in life the activity of thinking in a Socratic（苏格拉底的）way about moral problems.
    shall moal. 将，用语第一人称
    这里的I指文章作者
    define A as B：把A看作是B；认为A是B；将A定义为B
    individual adj. 个别的；单独的；一个人的；n. 个人；个体

    who部分是定语从句，修饰individual：
    who has elected as his primary duty and pleasure in life the activity of thinking in a Socratic（苏格拉底的）way about moral problems
    elect vt. 选举；推选；选择，这里也可以看做是：elect A as B：选择A作为B
    elect的宾语是the部分，这里宾语太长，所以后置，正常版是这样的：
    who has elected the activity of thinking in a Socratic（苏格拉底的）way about moral problems as his primary duty and pleasure in life. 这样会显得句子结构不平衡，as部分会被宾语部分分隔得很远。

    宾语部分：the activity of thinking in a Socratic（苏格拉底的）way about moral problems
    activity n. 活动
    in部分是方式状语
    这里是think about，被状语部分隔开了。
    moral adj. 道德的；道德上的；n. 品行；道德。—— morality n. 道德；道义；道德观念；道德规范。
    as部分：as his primary duty and pleasure in life
    primary adj. 主要的；最初的
    duty n. 责任
    pleasure n. 快乐；愉悦
    【完整译文】
    ① 我将他定义为这样一个人，他以苏格拉底式的方式来思考道德问题，并且将这种思索活动（思考）看作是人生中的首要责任和快乐。
    ② 我认为他是一个以苏格拉底式的方式来思考道德问题，并且将这种思索活动（思考）看作是人生中的首要责任和快乐的人。
    ③ 我将他定义为一个以苏格拉底的方式来思考道德问题并且将这种思考（活动）看作是人生中的首要责任和快乐的人。

    ④He explores such problems consciously, articulately, and frankly, first by asking factual questions, then by asking moral questions, finally by suggesting action which seems appropriate in the light of the factual and moral information which he has obtained.（这个句子写得太好了）
    explore vt. 探索；探讨
    such problems =moral problems
    conscious adj. 有意识的；有意的；慎重的。—— consciously adv. 有意识地；自觉地
    articulate vt. 明确表达；清楚说明；adj. 善于表达的；清楚的；发育清晰的。——articulately adv. 清楚地
    frank adj. 坦白的；直率的。—— Frankly adv. 坦白地；直率地。
    这里是三个副词修饰谓语，放在句末。
    即：他自觉地、清楚地和坦白地来探究这些问题（道德问题）。

    first by asking factual questions, then byasking moral questions, finally bysuggesting action which seems appropriate in the light of the factual and moral information which he has obtained.
    这是三个方式状语，即：如何探究，而且还使用了序数词来区分先后
    factual adj. 事实的；与事实有关的；基于事实的
    即：首先是基于事实提问

    then by asking moral questions, finally bysuggesting action which seems appropriate in the light of the factual and moral information which he has obtained.
    即：然后是提出道德问题
    finally by suggesting action ①which seems appropriate in the light of the factual and moral information ②which he has obtained.
    action n. 行动；行为
    which部分是定语从句，修饰action
    appropriate adj.合适的；适当的
    in the light of：鉴于；考虑到（这是英式英语，美式英语：in light of）
    第二个which部分是也是定语从句
    obtain vt. 获得
    即：最后是根据他所获得的事实和道德信息来做出似乎合理的行动（行为）。

    【完整译文】
    ① 他自觉、清楚和坦诚地来探究这些问题（道德问题），首先是基于事实提问，然后是提出道德问题，最后是根据他所获得的事实和道德信息来做出似乎合理的行动（行为）。

    ⑤(47) His function is analogous to that of a judge, who must accept the obligation of revealing in as obvious a manner as possible the course of reasoning which led him to his decision.
    His function is analogous to that of a judge, who must accept the obligation of revealing in as obvious a manner as possible the course of reasoning which led him to his decision.
    主句部分：His function is analogous to that of a judge
    function n. 功能；职能；作用
    analogy n. 类比；类似。—— analogue n.相似物。—— analogous adj. 类似的；相似的。
    that是代词指代function，可以写成：His function is analogous to function of a judge，这样显得啰嗦。
    judge n. 法官；裁判员；vt. 判断；评判。
    who部分是非限定性定语从句：
    who must accept the obligation of revealing in as obvious a manner as possible the course of reasoning which led him to his decision.
    accept vt. 接受；承认；相信；接纳
    obligate vt. 迫使。—— obligation n. 义务；责任。—— obligatory adj. 义务的；必须的；强制的；规定性的。
    reveal vt. 揭示；显示；显出；展示
    reveal的宾语是the部分，放在了后面：
    the course of reasoning which led him to his decision
    course n. 路线；课程；进程；进展；过程
    reason n. 原因；理由；理性；思考力；vi. 推理；推断；思考。
    which部分是定语从句，修饰course
    lead sb to sth：使得出...观点；引导某人；将某人往某处引。
    in部分是状语：in as obvious a manner as possible，这里还包含一个as...as（和...一样）的比较结构。
    manner n. 方式；方法（等于上一句的way）；举止
    obvious adj. 明显的。

    【完整译文】
    ① 他的作用/职能/职责和法官相似，（他）必须要承担起以一种尽可能明显的方式来展示促使他做出决定的推理过程这一责任。
    ② 他的作用类似于法官，他必须承担这样的责任，即以尽可能明显的方式揭示导致他做出决定的推理过程。
    ③ 他的作用/职能/职责和法官相似，（他）必须要承担起这样的责任：以一种尽可能明显的方式来展示促使他做出决定的推理过程。