考研翻译确实是将英语翻译成汉语(英译汉),主要考查考生准确理解英语材料并将其转换为地道汉语的能力。下面新航道考研小编给大家带来了 2026考研英语真题精讲：2006翻译（三），希望对大家有帮助。

    2006 翻译精讲
    第三段

    ①This definition excludes many individuals usually referred to as intellectuals—the average scientist, for one. ②(48) I have excluded him because, while his accomplishments may contribute to the solution of moral problems, he has not been charged with the task of approaching any but the factual aspects of those problems. ③Like other human beings, he encounters moral issues even in the everyday performance of his routine duties—he is not supposed to cook his experiments, manufacture evidence, or doctor his reports. ④(49) But his primary task is not to think about the moral code which governs his activity, any more than a businessman is expected to dedicate his energies to an exploration of rules of conduct in business. ⑤During most of his waking life he will take his code for granted, as the businessman takes his ethics.

    ①This definition excludes many individuals usually referred to as intellectuals—the average scientist, for one.
    This definition指上文的内容
    exclude vt. 排除
    include vt. 包含；包括
    individual n. 个人；个体
    usually部分是分词后置定语，修饰individuals，这里可以写成定语从句，usually是副词修饰谓语，可以去掉：
    many individuals who were referred to as intellectuals
    refer to sb/sth as sth/sb：认为A是B
    这里的to后面的sb（宾语）提前做主语，所以使用的是过去分词，即：被动，写成中式思维的是：
    we usually refered to many individuals as intellectuals. （这个就是中式思维，喜欢用人做主语，而英语喜欢用物做主语，所以，你的英语老师会告诉你，英语多被动，这就是两种语言间的一大差异，理解这里是理解英语被动的灵魂所在。）
    破折号后面是对individuals的举例说明
    average adj. 普通的；平均的
    for one：就是其中之一（表达意见时加强语气），一般用在句尾，用在句中用逗号隔开，和for example一样。

    【完整译文】
    ① 这一定义排除了许多通常被认为是知识分子的人，比如普通的科学家正是其中之一。

    ②(48) I have excluded him because, while his accomplishments may contribute to the solution of moral problems, he has not been charged with the task of approaching any but the factual aspects of those problems.
    I have excluded him because, while his accomplishments may contribute to the solution of moral problems, he has not been charged with the task of approaching any but the factual aspects of those problems.
    句子主干：I have excluded him
    him指上一句里面说的普通科学家
    exclude vt. 排除；阻挡；不包括
    include vt. 包含；包括
    because后面是原因状语从句，包含while引导的让步状语从句和主句
    while让步状语从句：while his accomplishments may contribute to the solution of moral problems
    accomplish vt. 完成。—— accomplishment n. 成就；成绩；技艺；专长
    contribute vi. 贡献（be contribute to：贡献；有助于；导致）
    solute n. 溶质。—— solution n.解决办法；处理手段；答案；谜底；溶液；溶解
    即：虽然他的成就/贡献可能有助于解决道德问题。
    主句部分：he has not been charged with the task of approaching any but the factual aspects of those problems.
    charge sb with sth：赋予...职责/任务；使...承担责任。（这里用的是被动）
    task n. 任务
    approach vt. 接近；靠近；处理；对付（这里是研究的意思）
    这个句子的本质是这样的：
    he has not been charged with the task of approaching any aspects of those problems buthe has been charged with the task of approaching the factual aspects of those problems.
    这里的but = except，表示：“除了，只有”
    EG：I have no choice but to sign the contract. 常常是和否定词连用，来表示最高级。
    某些老师给你讲：not...any but = only 这是高度概括，考场上你是没有这种能力的，只能根据逻辑来推理。当然，这个也不是哪个老师讲的，是教育部考试中心讲的，那些这么讲的老师，都是照着教育部考试中心讲的念给你听的。
    本质是两个句子的合并
    he has not been charged with the task of approaching any aspects of those problems but he has been charged with the task of approaching the factual aspects of those problems.
    approach vt. 着手处理；对付（problem/task），这里翻译成研究
    即：他的责任并不是全面研究这些问题；而仅仅是研究这些问题的事实方面。

    【完整译文】
    ① 虽然他的成就/贡献可能有助于解决道德问题，但他的责任并不是全面研究这些问题；而仅仅是研究这些问题的事实方面，因此，我将他（普通科学家）排除在外。
    ② 我之所以把他排除在外，是因为尽管他的成就可能有助于解决道德问题，但他所承担的任务只是研究这些问题的事实方面而已。
    ③ 我之所以将他（普通科学家）排除在外，是因为尽管他的成果可能会有助于解决道德问题，但他承担的任务只不过是研究这些问题的事实方面。

    ③Like other human beings, he encounters moral issues even in the everyday performance of his routine duties—he is not supposed to cook his experiments, manufacture evidence, or doctor his reports.
    human being：人类；人
    即：和其他人一样
    he指的还是普通科学家
    encounter vt. 遭遇；遇到；与...邂逅
    issue n. 问题（= moral problems）
    performance n. 表演；演出；表现；工作情况
    routine n. 常规；adj. 常规的；日常的；平淡的；乏味的
    duty n. 责任；义务
    这里的：the everyday performance of his routine duties，of前后其实有意思的重复，这里的performance和duty其实都是日常做的事情，所以，上文说是科学家，科学家的事情就是研究，所以，这里把他们翻译成研究。
    即：即便是在他的日常研究中，也和其他普通人一样，会遇到道德问题。
    破折号后面是另外一个句子：
    he is not supposed to ①cook his experiments, ②manufacture evidence, or ③doctor his reports.
    be supposed to do sth：应该/应当/须做某事
    cook vt. 编造；做假账；篡改资料
    experiment n. 实验
    manufacture vt.编造；捏造
    doctor vt. 篡改；伪造

    【逻辑梳理】上文说了，普通科学家只是研究道德问题的事实方面，既然是事实，那就不能乱改，伪造资料。所以，这里的三个词都是伪造的意思。
    即：他不应该实验、证据和报告造假。

    【完整译文】
    ① 即便是在他的日常研究中，也和其他普通人一样，会遇到道德问题；但他不应该在实验、证据和报告中造假。
    ② 即便是在他的日常研究中，也和其他普通人一样，会遇到道德问题；但他不应该实验造假，伪造证据和报告。
    ③ 和其他普通人一样，即便是在他的日常研究中也会遇到道德问题；但他不应该实验造假，伪造证据和报告。

    ④(49) But his primary task is not to think about the moral code which governs his activity, any more than a businessman is expected to dedicate his energies to an exploration of rules of conduct in business.
    But his primary task is not to think about the moral code which governs his activity, any more than a businessman is expected to dedicate his energies to an exploration of rules of conduct in business.
    his还是指普通科学家
    primary adj. 主要的；基本的；最重要的；最初的；最早的
    task n. 工作；任务
    code n. 密码；暗码；代码；电码；道德准则；行为规范；法典；法规
    which部分是定语从句，修饰code
    govern vt. 管理
    activity n. 活动
    But his primary task is not to think about the moral code which governs his activity, any more than a businessman is expected to dedicate his energies to an exploration of rules of conduct in business.
    这个句子最难的是not...any more than来引导的比较状语从句，这非常罕见。一般的语法书都不会讲到。下面引用A Comprehensive Grammar of the English Language（国内译作：朗文英语语法大全（夸克英语语法大全）），我们翻遍了国内以及国外英文原版的语法书，只在这本书里找到相关的解释：

    Rachel is no more courageous than Saul (is). 即：瑞秋没有比索尔更勇敢，也就是，他们俩都不勇敢。
    The sentence implies that both Rachel and Saul are not courageous ('Rachel is not courageous, any more than Saul is courageous'). Here are some further examples:
    Tom is no more athletic than he ever was. ['Tom is not athletic, any more than he ever was athletic.']
    即：汤姆没有比他以前更强壮，也就是汤姆现在和过去一样不强壮。
    红色的部分是和前面的句子相等的，所以，not...any more than = no more...than...（...与...都不是....）
    例如：He is no more a teacherthan we are．他和我们一样都不是老师。/我们不是老师，他
    也不是。
    把这个句子改成not...any more than的形式：

    He is not a teacher, any more than we are. 即：这个句子和上面那是等价的。
    现在看文章的句子：
    But his primary task is not to think about the moral code which governs his activity, any more than a businessman is expected to dedicate his energies to an exploration of rules of conduct in business.
    即：他的首要任务并不是去思考规范自己活动的道德准则
    any more than后面是个完整的句子：
    a businessman is expected to dedicate his energies to an exploration ofrules ofconduct in business.
    businessman n. 商人

    expect vt. ①预期；预料；②期待；期盼；③指望；要求
    dedicate vt. 奉献；致力于；
    dedicate sth to/for sth：使用（指为某一目的而使用）
    exploration n. 探索；探究；探测
    conduct n. 行为举止；表现
    即：一个商人被期待使用自己的精力去探索商业领域的行为准则。
    根据上文的分析，前后都是否定的，所以：
    他的首要任务并不是去思考规范自己活动的道德准则，和不要指望一个商人会花精力去探索商业领域的行为准则一样。

    【完整译文】
    ① 但是，他的首要任务并不是去思考规范自己活动的道德准则，和不要指望一个商人会花精力去探索商业领域的行为准则一样。
    ② 但是，他的首要任务并不是去思考规范自己活动的道德准则，正如不要指望一个商人会致力于探索商业领域的行为准则一样。
    ③ 但是，他的首要任务并不是考虑支配自己行动的道德规范，就如同不能指望商人专注于探索行业规范一样。

    ⑤During most of his waking life he willtakehis code for granted, as the businessman takes his ethics.
    during部分是时间状语
    wake vi. 醒来；唤起。—— waking adj. 醒着的
    即：在他醒着的大部分时间里（这里直译，不宜翻译成白天之类的意思，因为白天也可呼呼大睡）
    take sth for granted：认为...是理所当然的；对...不予重视（指的是因为习以为常）
    as引导的是比较（方式）状语从句：
    as the businessman takes his ethics.
    这里出现了省略，完整版是：as the businessman takes his ethics for granted.（省略也是造成比较结构难的原因之一）
    ethics n. 伦理学；道德规范；道德准则；道德原则

    【完整译文】
    ① 在他醒着的大部分时间里，他会把自己的道德准则视为理所当然，就像商人对待自己的道德准则一样。