在考研英语中，想要拿下考研英语高分势必是有些吃力的，听书读写中阅读能力尤为重要，阅读是听说写的基础，没有精读、泛读的大量积累输入，其他能力是无法得到本质上的突破，所以需要大量的真题以及外刊来辅助提升，今天新航道考研小编准备了，希望对大家有帮助。

　　原文标题：A bold new plan to tackle climate change ignores economic orthodoxy

　　考研英语阅读话题-美国文化
　　美国联邦政府（Federal government of the United States）主要包括国会、总统、联邦法院三大机构，依据三权分立与联邦制两大政治思想而制定，将立法、司法、行政三种权力分别独立，互相制衡，以避免政府滥权。
　　文章脉络：引入事件，树靶（第一段）--退而介绍当前机制（第二、三段）--分析当前机制的益处，批驳议员观点（第四、五段）--发表议论（第六、七段）。

　　Part 1原文
　　Ⅰ  At a recent hearing on drug prices, Representative Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez said that by funding federal research agencies such as the National Institutes of Health, “the public is acting as an early investor, putting tons of money in the development of drugs that then become privatized.” The American people, she complained, receive “no return on the investment that they have made.” The witness she was addressing, Harvard Medical School professor Aaron Kesselheim, confirmed the absence of “licensing deals that bring money back into the pockets of the NIH.”
　　Ⅱ Direct licensing deals between companies and government labs are rare by design-a design that has fueled American economic, military and political power for the past seven decades. This structure has been a critical engine of U.S. economic growth since the end of World War II.
　　Ⅲ The American electronics, personal-computer and biotech industries all can trace their origin to federal research. The internet, genetic engineering, 3-D animation in movies, even the Siri voice assistant on iPhones-all sprang from federal research. Yet the government receives no royalties on Disney movies or iPhones.
　　Ⅳ Still, Ms. Ocasio-Cortez is wrong that taxpayers get no return on their investment. The resulting growth from these inventions generates significant government revenue in the form of income and capital-gains taxes on thousands of companies and their millions of employees. Leading the world in science and technology also enhances America’s geopolitical power and strengthens national security.
　　Ⅴ The goal of the federal research system has always been to transfer new knowledge and laboratory results as quickly and seamlessly as possible to private industry, which can then translate them into useful products that can boost the economy. The NIH, for example, spends $3.9 billion annually on research conducted in national labs. Biotech and pharmaceutical companies spend more than $90 billion annually on drug discovery and development.
　　Ⅵ Quantifying the “return” of that taxpayer investment, and separating the contribution of private vs. public investment, is a famously difficult problem in science policy. But as one measure, economists have attributed roughly half of the trillions of dollars in U.S. gross domestic product growth since the end of World War II to technology improvements. Other countries have noticed the model’s success and adopted it. To remain the world’s leading power, the U.S. needs to invest more in federal research and to transfer its findings seamlessly to industry. Additional taxes on innovation would be a hindrance.
　　Ⅶ A lack of licensing deals between companies and national labs has nothing to do with high drug prices, which reflect the enormous development costs-in cancer studies, for example, more than 95% of drug candidates never make it past testing. Many smart people are trying to figure out how to develop effective treatments while keeping prices low. Some of their ideas were reviewed during last week’s hearing. None, however, involve creating more friction between federal research and private industry. Taxing iPhones, Disney movies or cancer drugs for the federal research that enabled them won’t do anyone any good.

　　Part 2长难句语法点拨
　　The goal of the federal research system has always been to transfer new knowledge and laboratory results as quickly and seamlessly as possible to private industry, which can then translate them into useful products that can boost the economy.
　　本句主干是The goal has always been……目标一直是……。goal用所有格表示是什么的目标，be 动词后是to的不定式作表语，该不定式的动词短语是transfer A to B,将A输送到B，private industry后用非限制性定语从句修饰。

　　Part 3写作句型借鉴
　　The resulting growth from XX generates YY in the form of MM.XX带来的增长以MM的形式产生了YY
　　原文例句：The resulting growth from these inventions generates significant government revenue in the form of income and capital-gains taxes on thousands of companies and their millions of employees.这些发明带来的增长以对数千家公司及其数百万员工征收所得税和资本利得税的形式为政府创造了可观的收入。
　　Quantifying the “return” of ZZ, and separating the contribution of AA vs. BB, is a famously difficult problem in science policy.
　　量化ZZ的“回报”，并将AA与BB的贡献分开，是科学政策上出了名的难题。
　　原文例句：Quantifying the “return” of that taxpayer investment, and separating the contribution of private vs. public investment, is a famously difficult problem in science policy. 量化纳税人投资的“回报”，并将私人投资与公共投资的贡献分开，是科学政策上出了名的难题。
　　But as one measure, AA have attributed  XX to YY.但是作为一种衡量标准，AA已将XX归功于YY
　　原文例句：But as one measure, economists have attributed roughly half of the trillions of dollars in U.S. gross domestic product growth since the end of World War II to technology improvements.但是作为一种衡量标准，经济学家们已将二战后美国国内生产总值增长的数万亿美元约半数归功于技术进步。

　　以上就是小编给大家介绍的历年考研英语外刊常考热点：美国联邦政府，希望对大家有帮助。