长难句的理解是影响阅读和翻译质量的关键,通过分析长难句,学会掌握理解其中的词组、句子结构,这样有助于加深对文章的理解程度,提高阅读速度和翻译水平。新航道好轻松考研小编建议大家先仔细阅读原句,然后试着理解和翻译,再去看解析和参考译文,在思考的过程中得到提升。
长难句原文 1
真题例句
A mong the annoying challenges facing the middle class is one that will probably go unmentioned in the next presidential campaign: what happens when the robots come for their jobs?【2018考研英语(一) text -1】
句的剖析
Among the annoying challenges (主系表结构) facing the middle class is one (现在分词短语作challenges的后置定语) that will probably go unmentioned in the next presidential campaign: (one的定语从句) what happens when the robots come for their jobs? (one的同位语从句)
分析:本句为倒装句。该句的主干结构是Among the annoying challenges…is one…。that引导定语从句,修饰先行词one。冒号后的内容,即What引导的名词性从句为one的同位语从句,其中when引导时间状语从句。
词的讲解
annoying a.讨厌的,令人气恼的
irritating a.烦人的,使人恼火的【同义】
presidential a.总统的
unmentioned a.未提到的;未说起的
句的翻译
在中产阶级面临的令人头疼的挑战中,有一个可能在下届总统竞选时不会提及:机器人要是上岗抢中产阶级的饭碗的话,会有什么后果?
长难句原文2
In addition to an enthusiasm for power, two things unite the conservatism of Stephen Bannon, the president’s consigliere, with the conservatism of Mitch McConnell and Paul Ryan, the Republican leaders in Congress.题源外刊(2018.8.6)
句的剖析
In addition to an enthusiasm for power,(短语作状语)two things unite the conservatism of (主谓宾结构) Stephen Bannon, the president’s consigliere, (同位语)with the conservatism of Mitch(宾语补足语)McConnell and Paul Ryan, the Republican leaders in Congress.(同位语)
词的讲解
conservatism n .① 保守主义 ② 守旧性
句的翻译
除了对权力有着极高的热忱,还有两件事能够联合总统顾问史蒂芬.班农的保守主义与美国国会共和党奇.麦康奈尔和保罗.瑞恩的保守主义。
长难句原文3
题源外刊
There is little to be gained from crudely hacking at Mr. Obama’s handiwork, while ignoring systemic problems that have led to a proliferation of rules, whoever is in charge.
句的剖析
There is little to be gained from crudely hacking at Mr. Obama’s(There be句型)handiwork, while ignoring systemic problems (while引导伴随状语) that have led to a proliferation of rules, (that引导的定语从句修饰先行词problems)whoever is in charge. (whoever引导名词性从句作主语)
分析:“there be”的结构是英语中特殊而常用的句型。专门用来表示“存在”。句中while不再是常规的“当…时”,本句中是表示对比的“却,但是,然而”之意。
词的讲解
handiwork n.手工;工艺
systemic a.系统的;体系的
proliferation n.增值,扩散
句的翻译
粗鲁地砍掉奥巴马的作品,却忽略了那些系统性问题:无论谁掌权都会导致繁文缛节的滋生,此种做法毫无益处。
长难句原文4
Cognitive dissonance is what we feel when the self-concept – I’m smart, I’m kind, I’m convinced this belief is true – is threatened by evidence that we did something that wasn’t smart, that we did something that hurt another person, that the belief isn’t true.题源外刊(2018.8.6)
句的剖析
Cognitive dissonance is what we feel when the self-concept – I’m(主系表结构)(when引导的时间状语从句) smart, I’m kind, I’m convinced this belief is true – is threatened by(解释说明self-concept的同位语)evidence that we did something that wasn’t smart, that we did(解释说明evidence的三个并列同位语从句)something that hurt another person, that the belief isn’t true.
词的讲解
cognitive a.认识的;认知的
dissonance n.不一致;不和谐
句的翻译
认知失调是我们在自我认知—我是聪明、善良的,我坚信这是真的—受到证据挑战时产生的感受,这些证据显示我们做了不聪明的、伤害其他人的事,证明我们之前的想法是错的。
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